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1
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Motivation
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1.1
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Present Voice Networks
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1.1.1
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Carrier PSTNs
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1.1.2
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Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
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1.1.3
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Cellular Networks
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1.1.4
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Enterprise Networks
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1.1.5
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Voice over IP
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1.2
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Motivation of Packetized Voice Transmission
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1.3
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The MPLS Concept
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1.3.1
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IP Overlay Models—Scalability
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1.3.2
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Sophisticated Requirements—Traffic Engineering
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1.3.3
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Transit Services—Tunneling
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2
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Voice in MPLS Networks
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2.1
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Voice-over-MPLS Solutions
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2.2
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Voice over IP over MPLS
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2.3
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TDM over MPLS
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2.4
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Voice over MPLS
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2.5
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Trunking over ATM
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2.6
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Voice over ATM over MPLS
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3
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Payload Data with Voice over IP
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3.1
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Real-Time Applications over IP—The Mechanisms
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3.1.1
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RTP—Transport and Reconstruction Function
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3.1.2
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RTCP—Information on RTP Connections
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3.2
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cRTP—Header Compression on the Trunk
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3.3
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Bandwidths for VoIP
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4
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Signaling with VoIP
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4.1
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VoIP Concepts in an Overview
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4.1.1
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H.323
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4.1.2
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Megaco/H.248
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4.1.3
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SIP
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4.2
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The H.323 Architecture
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4.2.1
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H.323 Terminal—The Functions of the End Devices
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4.2.2
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H.323 Gateway—The Translator
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4.2.3
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H.323 Gatekeeper—Address Translation and Management
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4.2.4
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H.323 MCU—Management of Conference Calls
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4.3
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Signaling
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4.3.1
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Addressing—Multifarious but Unambiguous
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4.3.2
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RAS—Gatekeeper End-Point Communication
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4.3.3
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The Phases of a Call
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4.3.4
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A Complete Call
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4.3.5
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H.323 Procedures in the TCP/IP Protocol Stack
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5
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MPLS Concepts
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5.1
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On Rails through the Network: Label Switched Paths
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5.1.1
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IP Routing
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5.1.2
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The Label under Scrutiny
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5.1.3
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Forwarding Information Base
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5.2
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Label Distribution
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5.2.1
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Label Distribution Protocol
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5.2.2
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Unsolicited Downstream: Unsolicited Distribution
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5.2.3
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Downstream on Demand: Labels on Demand
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5.2.4
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Further Label Distribution Mechanisms
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5.3
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Routing Protocols in the IP World
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5.3.1
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The Recommended IGP: OSPF
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5.3.2
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The Trend in Provider Networks: IS-IS
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5.3.3
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Basic Features of BGP-4
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5.3.4
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Transport of Transit Traffic with MPLS
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6
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Quality of Service in the MPLS Network
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6.1
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Queuing
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6.1.1
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The Three Basic Questions
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6.1.2
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In Which Queue?
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6.1.3
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Which Packets Have to be Discarded?
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6.1.4
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When Will Packets be Sent?
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6.2
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QoS Models
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6.2.1
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Hose Model
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6.2.2
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Pipe Model
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6.3
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MPLS with DiffServ
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6.3.1
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TOS vs. DiffServ
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6.3.2
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LSRs and DiffServ
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6.3.3
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Classes of Service and DiffServ
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6.4
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MPLS with IntServ
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6.4.1
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RSVP and Scalability
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6.4.2
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Traffic Engineering via MPLS
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6.5
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QoS in the VLAN
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7
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VPNs for Voice over IP
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7.1
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VPNs
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7.1.1
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VPNs with MPLS and BGP-4
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7.1.2
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The VoIP VPN—A Closed User Group
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7.1.3
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The Central Service VPN for VoIP
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7.2
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Special Issues
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7.2.1
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Call Admission Control
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7.2.2
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Gateways into Other Voice Networks
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7.2.3
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Tariffing and CDRs
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A
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Details
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A.1
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The Test Network
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B
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List of Abbreviations
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