|
|
1
|
|
Objectives of Next Generation Networks
|
|
|
1.1
|
|
What Is a Next Generation Network?
|
|
|
1.1.1
|
|
The Definition by the ITU
|
|
|
1.1.2
|
|
3GPP—3G Partnership Project
|
|
|
1.1.3
|
|
ETSI—The European Idea with TISPAN
|
|
|
1.2
|
|
A First Glance on the IMS
|
|
|
1.3
|
|
Services of the NGN—An Introduction
|
|
|
1.3.1
|
|
Multimedia: VoIP, VoD, IPTV, Virtual Reality
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2
|
|
SIP and RTP
|
|
|
2.1
|
|
SIP—Session Initiation Protocol
|
|
|
2.1.1
|
|
Classification in the ISO/OSI Model
|
|
|
2.1.2
|
|
Borrowed? But from where?
|
|
|
2.1.3
|
|
Standardization
|
|
|
2.2
|
|
The Components of the SIP Architecture and their Tasks
|
|
|
2.2.1
|
|
The End Devices: User Agents
|
|
|
2.2.2
|
|
The Gateways
|
|
|
2.2.3
|
|
The SIP Proxy
|
|
|
2.2.4
|
|
Addressing: SIP and Tel URIs
|
|
|
2.3
|
|
Protocol Setup
|
|
|
2.3.1
|
|
Requests from INVITE to BYE
|
|
|
2.3.2
|
|
Further Methods
|
|
|
2.3.3
|
|
Responses from 100 Trying to 600 Busy Everywhere
|
|
|
2.3.4
|
|
A Session with Two Proxies
|
|
|
2.4
|
|
Real-Time Applications via IP-RTP
|
|
|
2.5
|
|
Session Description Protocol (SDP)
|
|
|
2.5.1
|
|
Setup of the Message Body with SDP
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3
|
|
The IMS Architecture
|
|
|
3.1
|
|
The IMS Architecture in an Overview
|
|
|
3.1.1
|
|
Components of IMS
|
|
|
3.1.2
|
|
Protocols Used in IMS
|
|
|
3.1.3
|
|
An Example
|
|
|
3.2
|
|
The IMS Architecture in Detail
|
|
|
3.2.1
|
|
Setup of the NGN According to ETSI
|
|
|
3.3
|
|
Call Session Control Functions
|
|
|
3.3.1
|
|
Proxy CSCF
|
|
|
3.3.2
|
|
Interrogating-CSCF
|
|
|
3.3.3
|
|
Serving-CSCF
|
|
|
3.4
|
|
Application Server
|
|
|
3.4.1
|
|
Legacy Services of GSM/UMTS
|
|
|
3.4.2
|
|
Media Resource Function
|
|
|
3.5
|
|
User Administration with HSS and SLF
|
|
|
3.6
|
|
Interworking with the PSTN
|
|
|
3.6.1
|
|
The Interworking Reference Model
|
|
|
3.6.2
|
|
The Breakout Gateway Control Function
|
|
|
3.7
|
|
Session Border Controller
|
|
|
3.7.1
|
|
SBC and NAT
|
|
|
3.7.2
|
|
Access Control through Session Border Controllers
|
|
|
3.7.3
|
|
SBC and IMS
|
|
|
3.8
|
|
TISPAN Components of the IMS
|
|
|
3.8.1
|
|
Resource and Admission Control System
|
|
|
3.8.2
|
|
The Network Attachment Subsystem
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4
|
|
The Transport Networks
|
|
|
4.1
|
|
In the Core: MPLS
|
|
|
4.1.1
|
|
Label-Switched Paths
|
|
|
4.1.2
|
|
IP-VPNs with MPLS and BGP-4
|
|
|
4.2
|
|
Metropolitan Ethernet
|
|
|
4.2.1
|
|
Features of Ethernet and their Consequences
|
|
|
4.2.2
|
|
Point-to-Point Connections
|
|
|
4.2.3
|
|
Multipoint-to-Multipoint Service
|
|
|
4.2.4
|
|
Provider Bridging—IEEE802.1ad
|
|
|
4.2.5
|
|
Provider Backbone Bridging—IEEE 802.1ah
|
|
|
4.2.6
|
|
T-MPLS
|
|
|
4.2.7
|
|
VPLS
|
|
|
4.2.8
|
|
General Features of the Backbone Technology
|
|
|
4.2.9
|
|
Standardization
|
|
|
4.3
|
|
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
|
|
|
4.3.1
|
|
ADSL2 and ADSL2+
|
|
|
4.3.2
|
|
VDSL, VDSL2, and Fiber-to-the-Curb
|
|
|
4.3.3
|
|
Delay Aspects
|
|
|
4.3.4
|
|
ATM DSLAMs
|
|
|
4.3.5
|
|
Ethernet DSLAMs
|
|
|
4.3.6
|
|
IP DSLAMs
|
|
|
4.3.7
|
|
Ethernet Aggregation for DSL Networks
|
|
|
4.4
|
|
Broadband Cable
|
|
|
4.4.1
|
|
DOCSIS Versions
|
|
|
4.4.2
|
|
The Cable Modem
|
|
|
4.4.3
|
|
Packet-Cable Concept
|
|
|
4.5
|
|
Mobile Communications
|
|
|
4.5.1
|
|
UMTS
|
|
|
4.5.2
|
|
UMTS Releases in an Overview
|
|
|
4.5.3
|
|
HSUPA, HASDPA, HSPA (+)
|
|
|
4.5.4
|
|
Migration to R4
|
|
|
4.5.5
|
|
Long Term Evolution: LTE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5
|
|
Applications in the NGN
|
|
|
5.1
|
|
IPTV
|
|
|
5.1.1
|
|
Protocols
|
|
|
5.1.2
|
|
From the Broadcast Station to the Screen
|
|
|
5.1.3
|
|
Added Value of IPTV
|
|
|
5.2
|
|
Video on Demand
|
|
|
5.3
|
|
Service Creation
|
|
|
5.3.1
|
|
Service Creation Environments
|
|
|
5.3.2
|
|
APIs (Parlay)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6
|
|
Cross-Provider Aspects
|
|
|
6.1
|
|
Scenarios for VoIP Interconnection
|
|
|
6.1.1
|
|
Peering Today and Tomorrow
|
|
|
6.1.2
|
|
CoS and PHB
|
|
|
6.1.3
|
|
Session Peering
|
|
|
6.2
|
|
ENUM—Call Number Mapping and Detection
|
|
|
6.2.1
|
|
Address Structures
|
|
|
6.2.2
|
|
The ENUM Request in Detail
|
|
|
6.2.3
|
|
ENUM in Germany
|
|
|
6.2.4
|
|
Discussion
|
|
|
6.3
|
|
Billing Methods for VoIP Peering
|
|
|
6.3.1
|
|
Bill & Keep
|
|
|
6.3.2
|
|
Calling Party Network Pays
|
|
|
6.3.3
|
|
The Viewpoint of the End Customer: Calling Party Pays
|
|
|
6.3.4
|
|
Further Procedures
|
|
|
6.3.5
|
|
Discussion
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A
|
|
List of Abbreviations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B
|
|
Index
|
|